![]() Reaching the Sierra Maestra mountains, Castro’s group attracted new members and began a guerrilla campaign against Batista’s better-armed and more numerous forces. After Batista yielded to international pressure and granted amnesty to many political prisoners in 1955, Castro headed to Mexico, where he began organizing Cuban exiles into a movement named for the date of the failed Moncada attack.Ĭuban revolutionary Fidel Castro (left) lights his cigar while Argentine revolutionary Che Guevara (1928-1967) looks on in the early days of their guerrilla campaign in the Sierra Maestra Mountains of Cuba, circa 1956. Most of the group was killed Castro and his younger brother, Raúl, escaped but were later arrested and imprisoned.įidel Castro’s trial and imprisonment served to build his reputation as a revolutionary leader. Seeking to arm a revolutionary opposition to the Batista regime, he led a raid against the Moncada army barracks in the city of Santiago de Cuba on July 26, 1953. Fidel Castro and the 26th of July MovementĬastro, a young lawyer and activist, had been running for Congress as part of the Cuban People’s Party before Batista seized power. Facing defeat, he overthrew the government in a bloodless coup and canceled the elections. He served as president himself from 1940-44, and ran for a second term in 1952. Various presidents came and went over the next two decades, but Batista remained a constant force. Instead, Machado became Cuba’s first dictatorial ruler, until he was ousted in 1933 after a revolt led by Fulgencio Batista, a rising star in the Cuban military. After a financial crisis and persistent governmental corruption, Gerardo Machado was elected as Cuba’s president in 1925, pledging reform. ![]() military directly administered the island until 1902, when Cuba became a republic, with sugar as its main commercial export. ![]()
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